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Transnational political party

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A transnational political party is a single political party with members or representatives in more than one country.

A well-known example is the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party, established as an Arab nationalist and socialist party aspiring to pan-Arab political union. The party's central governing body, the National Command, included representatives from its organisations in all the Arab countries where Ba'athists had a significant presence. Each branch of the party, in turn, had a local governing body, the Regional Command, and although practical power became centred in the Syrian and Iraqi Regional Commands and the National Command of each faction assumed an essentially symbolic role, the party split in 1966, with different factions taking control in Syria and Iraq, each faction retained a pan-Arab structure.

Another example of a transnational political party is Sinn Féin, which has 7 Members of Parliament in the United Kingdom Parliament, and 37 Teachtaí Dála in the Irish Dáil Éireann. Sinn Féin also has 26 MLAs in the Northern Ireland Assembly.

Some transnational organisations also have a party-political dimension. The best example of this is the European Union, in which groups of national political parties operate together when participating in EU institutions, especially the European Parliament, as European political parties, or "Europarties". However, European political parties are distinct from transnational political parties in that they do not operate at the national level.

In a broad sense, global movements such as communism, socialism, and Islamism have transnational qualities, but in most such cases the party organization is separate in each country, with the transnational aspect being one more of consultatation and coordination, often through political internationals. One notable exception to this rule is the Progressive Labor Party (United States), which views proletarian internationalism as requiring that they set up party collectives all over the globe. Some Trotskyist parties behave similarly.

List of transnational political parties

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Current

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Party Countries/Areas Ideology Notes
Alliance for the Union of Romanians  Romania
 Moldova
Right-wing populism
Conservatism
Moldovan-Romanian unionism
Aontú  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Social conservatism
Irish republicanism
Armenian Revolutionary Federation  Armenia
 Lebanon
Armenian nationalism
Market socialism
Ba'ath Party
(Iraqi-dominated faction)
Ba'athism
Ba'ath Party
(Syrian-dominated faction)
Ba'athism
Basque Nationalist Party  Spain
 France
Basque nationalism
Christian democracy
Communist Party of Ireland  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Croatian Democratic Union  Croatia
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Conservatism
Christian democracy
Economic Freedom Fighters  South Africa
 Namibia
 Eswatini
 Lesotho[1]
Marxism–Leninism
Left-wing populism
Anti-imperialism
Black ultranationalism
European Realistic Disobedience Front  Greece
 Germany
 Italy
 Sweden
Post-capitalism
Anti-austerity
Progressivism
Eco-socialism
Ecofeminism
European federalism
Eusko Alkartasuna  Spain (as part of EH Bildu)
 France (as part of EH Bai)
Basque nationalism
Social democracy
Forum for Democracy  Netherlands
 Belgium
Right-wing populism
Freedom Party of Austria  Austria
 Italy
National conservatism
Right-wing populism
Exists under the name Die Freiheitlichen in Italy.
Hizb ut-Tahrir globally Pan-Islamism
Caliphatism
Jihadism
Anti-Zionism
Anti-capitalism
Party doesn't partake in democratic elections.
Irish Republican Socialist Party  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Communism
Marxism–Leninism
Jamaat-e-Islami  India
 Pakistan
 Bangladesh (formerly)
Pan-Islamism
Religious conservatism
Islamic socialism
Liberal Democratic Party of Russia  Russia
 Belarus
 Transnistria (formerly)
Russian nationalism
Ultranationalism
Militant Left  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Trotskyism
Socialism
Party of Democratic Action  Bosnia and Herzegovina
 Serbia
 Kosovo
 North Macedonia
 Montenegro (formerly)
Bosniak nationalism
Islamism
People Before Profit  Ireland (as part of PBP-S)
 Northern Ireland
Trotskyism
Socialism
Anti-capitalism
Progressive Labor Party globally Communism
Marxism–Leninism
via collectives
Ramgavar  Armenia
 Lebanon
Armenian nationalism
Liberalism
Republican Left of Catalonia  Spain
 France
Catalan nationalism
Social democracy
Republican Network for Unity  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Irish republicanism
Socialism
Saoradh  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Irish republicanism
Revolutionary socialism
Anti-imperialism
Serbian Progressive Party  Serbia
 North Macedonia
 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Populism
Serbian Radical Party  Serbia
 Montenegro
 Croatia (formerly)
 Bosnia and Herzegovina (formerly)
 North Macedonia (formerly)
Serbian irredentism
Sinn Féin  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Irish republicanism
Democratic socialism
Social Democrat Hunchakian Party  Armenia
 Lebanon
Armenian nationalism
Social democracy
Socialist Workers Network  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Revolutionary socialism
Trotskyism
Sortu  Spain (as part of EH Bildu)
 France (as part of EH Bai)
Abertzale left
Anti-capitalism
Democratic socialism
Syrian Social Nationalist Party  Syria
 Lebanon
Social nationalism
Syrian nationalism
Anti-Zionism
Vetëvendosje  Kosovo
 North Macedonia
Social democracy
Left-wing populism
Albanian nationalism
Volt Europa European federalism
Social liberalism
Progressivism
Workers' Party  Ireland
 Northern Ireland
Communism
Marxism–Leninism

European political parties

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A European political party is an organisation constituted by multiple national political parties which operates as a single party at the European Union level.

Former

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Political Parties - IEC Lesotho". 2022-09-20. Retrieved 2023-01-29.